{"id":163,"date":"2011-04-29T00:02:05","date_gmt":"2011-04-29T00:02:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/0777d5c17d4066b82ab86dff8a46af6f"},"modified":"2018-09-07T16:23:13","modified_gmt":"2018-09-07T08:23:13","slug":"nginx%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%aessl%e5%8f%8d%e5%90%91%e4%bb%a3%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/archives\/163","title":{"rendered":"nginx\u8bbe\u7f6eSSL\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nginx\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u6620\u5c04\u5185\u7f51\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684Apache\u3001IIS\u3001Lighttpd\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5185\u7f51\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u600e\u6837\u7528nginx\u8bbe\u7f6eSSL<\/strong>\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/strong>\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528nginx\u8bbe\u7f6eSSL\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u4e0d\u5c11\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6613\u7528\u6027\uff1anginx\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u5347\u7ea7\u7b80\u5355\uff0cnginx\u7684\u5e73\u6ed1\u5347\u7ea7\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f51\u7ad9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5347\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1anginx\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7406\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e3a\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4ee3\u7406\u540e\u7684Apache\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u9053\u5b89\u5168\u5c4f\u969c\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u62b5\u5fa1\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672cweb\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u4f4e\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4f4e\u662fnginx\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5927\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728nginx\u4ee3\u7406\u540e\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u4e2aapache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u9700\u6c42<\/li>\n
  4. \u7f13\u5b58\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9664\u52a8\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982css\u3001js\u3001\u9759\u6001html\u9875\u76f4\u63a5\u4ea4\u7ed9nginx\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/li>\n
  5. \u6587\u4ef6\u538b\u7f29\uff1anginx\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u5e76\u51cf\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u7f29\u77ed\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8bf4\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u8bf8\u4f4d\u770b\u5b98\u8be5\u8dc3\u8dc3\u6b32\u8bd5\u4e86\u5427\uff0c\u95f2\u8bdd\u5c11\u63d0^_^\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7ed9\u51fa\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \u7531\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6f14\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684SSL\u5b89\u5168\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684SSL\u5b89\u5168\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u8bf7\u5230CAs\u81ea\u6211\u4e86\u65ad^_^(\u7f51\u7ad9\u5730\u5740\uff1awww.verisign.com)\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u3001\u751f\u6210SSL\u5b89\u5168\u8bc1\u4e66<\/code><\/p>\n

    \u5728nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7528\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e\u8bc1\u4e66<\/code><\/p>\n

    # cd \/usr\/local\/nginx\/conf
    \n# mkdir ssl
    \n# cd ssl<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/span>
    \n<\/code><\/p>\n

    \u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u79c1\u6709key<\/p>\n

    # openssl genrsa -des3 -out nixcraft.in.key 1024<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u539f\u56fe\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    \u751f\u6210CSR(Certificate Signing Request)\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n

    # openssl req -new -key nixcraft.in.key -out nixcraft.in.csr<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u539f\u56fe\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    \u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\u57df\u540d\u3002\u4e0a\u56fe\u7ea2\u6846\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u914d\u7f6eSSL\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/p>\n

    \u7f16\u8f91nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

    #vi \/usr\/local\/ngnix\/conf\/nginx.conf<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

    server {\r\n        ### server port and name ###\r\n        listen          443 ssl;\r\n        server_name     yourdomian.com;\r\n\r\n        ### SSL log files ###\r\n        access_log      logs\/ssl-access.log;\r\n        error_log       logs\/ssl-error.log;\r\n\r\n        ### SSL cert files ###\r\n        ssl_certificate      ssl\/yourdomain.com.crt;\r\n        ssl_certificate_key  ssl\/yourdomain.com.key;\r\n        ### Add SSL specific settings here ###\r\n        keepalive_timeout    60;\r\n\r\n        ###  Limiting Ciphers ########################\r\n        # Uncomment as per your setup\r\n        #ssl_ciphers HIGH:!ADH;\r\n        #ssl_perfer_server_ciphers on;\r\n        #ssl_protocols SSLv3;\r\n        ##############################################\r\n        ### We want full access to SSL via backend ###\r\n        location \/ {\r\n                proxy_pass  http:\/\/yourdomain.com;\r\n                ### force timeouts if one of backend is died ##\r\n                proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;\r\n\r\n                ### Set headers ####\r\n                proxy_set_header Host $host;\r\n                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\r\n                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\r\n\r\n                ### Most PHP, Python, Rails, Java App can use this header ###\r\n                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;\r\n\r\n                ### By default we don't want to redirect it ####\r\n                proxy_redirect     off;\r\n      }<\/pre>\n
    \u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
    # \/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx -t
    \n# \/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx -s reload<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/span><\/p>\n
    \u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u6210\u529f\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # netstat -tulpn | grep :443<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/span><\/p>\n
    SSL\u914d\u7f6e\u5927\u529f\u544a\u6210\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528https:\/\/youdomain.com<\/span><\/a>\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7aef\u54c1\u4e22\u5931\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    server {\r\n        listen          80;\r\n        server_name     yourdomain.com;\r\n\r\n\r\n        location \/ {\r\n                proxy_pass  http:\/\/yourdomain.com;\r\n                ### force timeouts if one of backend is died ##\r\n                proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503;\r\n\r\n                ### Set headers ####\r\n                proxy_set_header Host $host;\r\n                proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;\r\n                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;\r\n\r\n                ### Most PHP, Python, Rails, Java App can use this header ###\r\n                proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;\r\n\r\n                ### set server host<\/span>\r\n               \u00a0proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;<\/span>\r\n\r\n                ### By default we don't want to redirect it ####\r\n                proxy_redirect     off;\r\n      }<\/pre>\n
    Rewrite:<\/p>\n
    \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a\r\n* ~ \u4e3a\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5339\u914d\r\n* ~* \u4e3a\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5339\u914d\r\n* !~\u548c!~*\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u53ca\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\r\n\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u76ee\u5f55\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a\r\n* -f\u548c!-f\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\r\n* -d\u548c!-d\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\r\n* -e\u548c!-e\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\r\n* -x\u548c!-x\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u6267\u884c\r\nflag\u6807\u8bb0\u6709\uff1a\r\n* last \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eApache\u91cc\u7684[L]\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5b8c\u6210rewrite\r\n* break \u7ec8\u6b62\u5339\u914d, \u4e0d\u518d\u5339\u914d\u540e\u9762\u7684\u89c4\u5219\r\n* redirect \u8fd4\u56de302\u4e34\u65f6\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411 \u5730\u5740\u680f\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u8df3\u8f6c\u540e\u7684\u5730\u5740\r\n* permanent \u8fd4\u56de301\u6c38\u4e45\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411 \u5730\u5740\u680f\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u8df3\u8f6c\u540e\u7684\u5730\u5740\r\n\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u6709\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u505a\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\r\n$args, \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570;\r\n$content_length, HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u91cc\u7684\"Content-Length\";\r\n$content_type, \u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u91cc\u7684\"Content-Type\";\r\n$document_root, \u9488\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6839\u8def\u5f84\u8bbe\u7f6e\u503c;\r\n$document_uri, \u4e0e$uri\u76f8\u540c;\r\n$host, \u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u7684\"Host\"\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709Host\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u7b49\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540d;\r\n$limit_rate, \u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u901f\u7387\u7684\u9650\u5236;\r\n$request_method, \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\"GET\"\u3001\"POST\"\u7b49;\r\n$remote_addr, \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5730\u5740;\r\n$remote_port, \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7;\r\n$remote_user, \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7528;\r\n$request_filename, \u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u540d\r\n$request_body_file\r\n$request_uri, \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684URI\uff0c\u5e26\u67e5\u8be2\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32;\r\n$query_string, \u4e0e$args\u76f8\u540c;\r\n$scheme, \u6240\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982http\u6216\u8005\u662fhttps\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982rewrite  ^(.+)$  $scheme:\/\/example.com$1  redirect;\r\n$server_protocol, \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\uff0c\"HTTP\/1.0\"\u6216\"HTTP\/1.1\";\r\n$server_addr, \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7528listen\u6307\u660e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5c06\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u5730\u5740(\u9020\u6210\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39);\r\n$server_name, \u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540d;\r\n$server_port, \u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7;\r\n$uri, \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684URI\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u548c\u6700\u521d\u7684\u503c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7ecf\u8fc7\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8bed\u6cd5\uff1arewrite regex replacement flag<\/p>\n
    \u6309\u7167\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4fee\u6539URI\uff0c\u6307\u4ee4\u6309\u7167\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u3002
    \n\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u91cd\u5199\u6307\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u6807\u8bb0\u3002
    \n\u5982\u679c\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4ee5http:\/\/\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c06\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u518d\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4f59\u7684rewrite\u6307\u4ee4\u3002
    \n\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u6807\u8bb0(flag)\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n