{"id":330,"date":"2013-08-09T17:13:57","date_gmt":"2013-08-09T17:13:57","guid":{"rendered":"fe73f687e5bc5280214e0486b273a5f9"},"modified":"2013-08-09T17:13:57","modified_gmt":"2013-08-09T17:13:57","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/archives\/330","title":{"rendered":"linux user group"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4
\nuseradd        \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237
\nadduser        \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237
\nuserdel         \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237
\npasswd         \u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801
\nusermod       \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7usermod \u6765\u4fee\u6539\u767b\u5f55\u540d\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u7b49\u7b49<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4
\ngroupadd     \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u7ec4
\ngroupdel      \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u7ec4
\ngroupmod    \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f
\ngroups         \u663e\u793a\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4
\nnewgrp        \u5207\u6362\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7528\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u7ec4<\/p>\n

groupadd test<\/p>\n

\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2atest\u7ec4<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7ec4<\/p>\n

groupmod -n test2 test<\/p>\n

\u5c06test\u7ec4\u7684\u540d\u5b50\u6539\u6210test2<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u7ec4<\/p>\n

groupdel test2<\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u7ec4test2<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7ec4<\/p>\n

a\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7ec4groups\uff0c\u67e5\u770bapacheuser\u6240\u5728\u7ec4groups apac<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 \u4e00\uff0c\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

1\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u7ec4 <\/p>\n

groupadd test<\/p>\n

\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2atest\u7ec4<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7ec4 <\/p>\n

groupmod -n test2  test<\/p>\n

\u5c06test\u7ec4\u7684\u540d\u5b50\u6539\u6210test2<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u7ec4 <\/p>\n

groupdel test2<\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u7ec4test2<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7ec4 <\/p>\n

a\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7ec4groups\uff0c\u67e5\u770bapacheuser\u6240\u5728\u7ec4groups apacheuser<\/p>\n

b\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7ec4cat \/etc\/group <\/p>\n

c\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u7684linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709\/etc\/group\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

cat \/etc\/passwd |awk -F [:] \u2018{print $4}\u2019 |sort|uniq | getent group |awk -F [:] \u2018{print $1}\u2019 <\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u662fgetent,\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4ID\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f,\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u8bdd,\u90a3\u5c31\u5f88\u96be\u67e5\u627e,\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ec4\u4e86.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

1\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237 <\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u590d\u5236\u6253\u5370?<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 mytest]# useradd \u2013help<\/p>\n

Usage: useradd [options] LOGIN<\/p>\n

Options:<\/p>\n

-b, \u2013base-dir BASE_DIR       \u8bbe\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u8def\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

-c, \u2013comment COMMENT         \u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n

-d, \u2013home-dir HOME_DIR       \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

-D, \u2013defaults                \u6539\u53d8\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n

-e, \u2013expiredate EXPIRE_DATE \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f<\/p>\n

-f, \u2013inactive INACTIVE       \u7528\u6237\u8fc7\u671f\u540e\uff0c\u8ba9\u5bc6\u7801\u65e0\u6548<\/p>\n

-g, \u2013gid GROUP               \u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4<\/p>\n

-G, \u2013groups GROUPS           \u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4<\/p>\n

-h, \u2013help                    \u5e2e\u52a9<\/p>\n

-k, \u2013skel SKEL_DIR           \u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684skel\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

-K, \u2013key KEY=VALUE           \u8986\u76d6\/etc\/login.defs \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

-m, \u2013create-home             \u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

-l,                           \u4e0d\u628a\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u5230lastlog\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d<\/p>\n

-M,                           \u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

-r,                           \u5efa\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u53f7<\/p>\n

-o, \u2013non-unique              \u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684UID<\/p>\n

-p, \u2013password PASSWORD       \u4e3a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

-s, \u2013shell SHELL             \u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u5019\u7684shell<\/p>\n

-u, \u2013uid UID                 \u4e3a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2aUID<\/p>\n

-Z, \u2013selinux-user SEUSER     use a specific SEUSER for the SELinux user mapping<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 mytest]# useradd --help<\/p>\n

Usage: useradd [options] LOGIN <\/p>\n

Options:<\/p>\n

 -b, --base-dir BASE_DIR       \u8bbe\u7f6e\u57fa\u672c\u8def\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

 -c, --comment COMMENT         \u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca<\/p>\n

 -d, --home-dir HOME_DIR       \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

 -D, --defaults                \u6539\u53d8\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n

 -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f<\/p>\n

 -f, --inactive INACTIVE       \u7528\u6237\u8fc7\u671f\u540e\uff0c\u8ba9\u5bc6\u7801\u65e0\u6548<\/p>\n

 -g, --gid GROUP               \u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4<\/p>\n

 -G, --groups GROUPS           \u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4<\/p>\n

 -h, --help                    \u5e2e\u52a9<\/p>\n

 -k, --skel SKEL_DIR           \u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u7684skel\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

 -K, --key KEY=VALUE           \u8986\u76d6\/etc\/login.defs \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

 -m, --create-home             \u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

 -l,                           \u4e0d\u628a\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u5230lastlog\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d<\/p>\n

 -M,                           \u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

 -r,                           \u5efa\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u53f7<\/p>\n

 -o, --non-unique              \u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u62e5\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684UID<\/p>\n

 -p, --password PASSWORD       \u4e3a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

 -s, --shell SHELL             \u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u5019\u7684shell<\/p>\n

 -u, --uid UID                 \u4e3a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2aUID<\/p>\n

 -Z, --selinux-user SEUSER     use a specific SEUSER for the SELinux user mappinguseradd test<\/p>\n

 
\nuseradd -M -s \/sbin\/nologin user<\/b>
\n-M\uff1a\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55
\n-s\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u9646\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684shell\uff0cnologin\u5c31\u662f\u767b\u9646\u4e0d\u4e86<\/p>\n

passwd test<\/p>\n

\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237test\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\uff0cuseradd\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u4e86\u7ed9\u4ed6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237 <\/p>\n

usermod -d \/home\/test -G test2 test<\/p>\n

\u5c06test\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u76ee\u5f55\u6539\u6210\/home\/test\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u5165test2\u7ec4\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u5927G\u3002 <\/p>\n

gpasswd -a test test2 \u5c06\u7528\u6237test\u52a0\u5165\u5230test2\u7ec4<\/p>\n

gpasswd -d test test2 \u5c06\u7528\u6237test\u4ecetest2\u7ec4\u4e2d\u79fb\u51fa<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

3\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

userdel test<\/p>\n

\u5c06test\u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664 <\/p>\n

userdel -r test<\/p>\n

\u5c06test\u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664 \u5e76\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u76f8\u5173\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

4\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

a\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237 <\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# w<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# who<\/p>\n

b\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d <\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# whoami<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

c\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# finger apacheuser<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# id apacheuser<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

d\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u8bb0\u5f55 <\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# last \u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# lastb \u67e5\u770b\u767b\u5f55\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

e\uff09\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# cut -d : -f 1 \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n

[root@krlcgcms01 ~]# cat \/etc\/passwd |awk -F \\: \u2018{print $1}\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

usermod -g group loginname <\/p>\n

\u5f3a\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u7ec4\r\nusermod -G groups loginname\r\n\u628a\u67d0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6539\u4e3a\r\ngroup(s) usermod -a -G groups loginname<\/pre>\n
\u628a\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdb\u5165\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4(s\uff09\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7528\u5427\uff1f\u6211\u5411\u6765\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6539<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4
\nuseradd        \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237
\nadduser        \u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237
\nuserdel         \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237
\npasswd         \u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801
\nusermod       \u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef...<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
 \u7ee7\u7eed\u9605\u8bfb →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[287],"tags":[138,137],"class_list":["post-330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-group","tag-user"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=330"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}