{"id":407,"date":"2015-02-03T00:48:23","date_gmt":"2015-02-03T00:48:23","guid":{"rendered":"f4f6dce2f3a0f9dada0c2b5b66452017"},"modified":"2015-02-03T00:48:23","modified_gmt":"2015-02-03T00:48:23","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/archives\/407","title":{"rendered":"bind\u8bf4\u660e"},"content":{"rendered":"

2.<\/span><\/a> <\/span>DNS \u7cfb\u7edf\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

Internet\u4e0a\u7684\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u533a\u5206\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u5927\u5bb6\u5bf9IP\u5730\u5740\u4e86\u89e3\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u53bb\u8bb0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u5f88\u96be\u8bb0\u3002\u80fd\u5426\u6709\u4e9b\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u4e92\u76f8\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u9700\u6c42\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e86DNS(\u57df\u540d) \u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2.1<\/span><\/a> <\/span>DNS \u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

DNS \u662f\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf (Domain Name System) \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u4e8e\u547d\u540d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5230\u57df\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002DNS \u547d\u540d\u7528\u4e8e Internet \u7b49 TCP\/IP \u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u627e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165 DNS \u540d\u79f0\u65f6\uff0cDNS \u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6b64\u540d\u79f0\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u559c\u6b22\u4f7f\u7528\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff08\u5982 debian.linuxsir.org\uff09\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u53cb\u597d\u540d\u79f0\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u8bb0\u4f4f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u5730\u5740\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u8baf\u3002\u4e3a\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\uff0cDNS \u7b49\u547d\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53cb\u597d\u540d\u79f0\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86 DNS \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u5373\u6839\u636e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u627e\u5176 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

DNS\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u67e5\u8be2 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u83b7\u5f97\u67d0\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff08Debian.linuxsir.org\uff09\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u7531\u4e8e DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u5176\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e94\u7b54\u6b64\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6240\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u6765\u56de\u590d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u6761\u4e3b\u673a (A) \u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u542b\u6709 Debian.linuxsir.org \u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f(211.93.98.20)\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b64\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5355\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7b80\u5355 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cDNS \u67e5\u8be2\u8981\u590d\u6742\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6b64\u5904\u672a\u663e\u793a\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2.2<\/span><\/a> <\/span>DNS\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

DNS\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u540d\u79f0\u5bf9\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\u7535\u8111\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u6700\u9876\u7aef\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c.\u201d(root)\u7136\u5f8c\u5176\u4e0b\u5206\u4e3a\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u522b\u540d\u79f0\u5982com\u3001org\u3001edu\u7b49\u518d\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540d\u79f0\u5982cisco\u3001intel\u7b49\u7ee7\u800c\u662f\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0\u5982www\u3001mail\u3001ftp\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u521dinternet\u662f\u4ece\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u57df\u540d\u79f0\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u540e\u6765internet\u7684\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55DNS\u4e5f\u52a0\u8fdb\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982cn\u3001jp\u3001au\u7b49\u56fd\u57df\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684dns\u540d\u79f0\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684www.xyz.com.cn\u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u65f6\u5019root\u4e0b\u9762\u53ea\u6709\u516d\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7c7b\u522b<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

<\/p>\n

\u7c7b\u522b\u540d\u79f0        \u4ee3\u8868\u610f\u601d            <\/span><\/pre>\n
edu             \u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u672f\u5355\u4f4d            \r\norg             \u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784            \r\nnet             \u7f51\u8def\u901a\u8baf\u5355\u4f4d            \r\ncom             \u516c\u53f8\u4f01\u4e1a            \r\ngov             \u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u5173            \r\nmil             \u519b\u4e8b\u5355\u4f4d    <\/span><\/pre>\n
<\/co><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\n
\u4e0d\u8fc7\u81ea\u4ece\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7c7b\u522b\u540d\u79f0\u5f00\u653e\u4ee5\u5f8c\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u4e94\u82b1\u516b\u95e8\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4e5f\u76f8\u7ee7\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u53d6\u540d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6700\u597d\u91cf\u9002\u5408\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u8d28\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u8d44\u6599\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684NIC(Network Information Center)\u7ba1\u7406\u4e4b\u5916\u5176\u5b83\u5728\u56fd\u57df\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u5206\u522b\u7531\u8be5\u56fd\u7684NIC\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
2.3<\/span><\/a> <\/span>DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n
\u5f53 DNS \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u67e5\u8be2 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u8be5\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6bcf\u6761\u67e5\u8be2\u6d88\u606f\u90fd\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u6761\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
        \r\n* \u6307\u5b9a\u7684 DNS \u57df\u540d\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5b8c\u5168\u5408\u683c\u7684\u57df\u540d (FQDN)            \r\n* \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6307\u5b9a\u67e5\u8be2\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u3002            \r\n* DNS \u57df\u540d\u7684\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u522b\u3002   <\/span><\/pre>\n
<\/co><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684 FQDN\uff0c\u5982 Debian.linuxsir.org \uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7c7b\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u540d\u79f0\u641c\u7d22\u5730\u5740 (A) \u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5c06 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u770b\u4f5c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8be2\u95ee\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u201c\u60a8\u662f\u5426\u62e5\u6709\u540d\u4e3a\u2018Debian.linuxsir.org\u2019\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684 A \u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1f\u201d\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u5e94\u7b54\u7684 A \u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\u8be2\u95ee\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u4ee5\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e5f\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u4ece\u5148\u524d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5e94\u7b54\u67e5\u8be2\u3002DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u5e94\u7b54\u67e5\u8be2\u3002DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee3\u8868\u8bf7\u6c42\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u8054\u7cfb\u5176\u4ed6 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u6790\u8be5\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u968f\u540e\u5c06\u5e94\u7b54\u8fd4\u56de\u81f3\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u9012\u5f52\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53ef\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8054\u7cfb\u5176\u4ed6\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u603b\u4e4b\uff0cDNS \u67e5\u8be2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
        \r\n* \u540d\u79f0\u67e5\u8be2\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u8f93\u81f3\u89e3\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5373 DNS \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u3002            \r\n* \u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u672c\u5730\u89e3\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u540d\u79f0\u3002  <\/span><\/pre>\n
<\/co><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\n
2.4<\/span><\/a> <\/span>Internet\u4e0a\u57df\u540d\u547d\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u89c4\u5219<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n
\u7531\u4e8eInternet\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u662f\u5206\u522b\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u673a\u6784\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u7ba1\u7406\u57df\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u57df\u540d\u547d\u540d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f46\u57df\u540d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
\n
<\/p>\n
    \r\n\u57df\u540d\u4e2d\u53ea\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b57\u7b26\uff1a          \r\n1. 26\u4e2a\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd          \r\n2. \u201c0\uff0c1\uff0c2\uff0c3\uff0c4\uff0c5\uff0c6\uff0c7\uff0c8\uff0c9\u201d\u5341\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57          \r\n3. \u201c-\u201d\uff08\u82f1\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u8fde\u8bcd\u53f7\uff09\u3002       \r\n\u57df\u540d\u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u89c4\u5219\uff1a           \r\n1. \u5728\u57df\u540d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u82f1\u6587\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5199           \r\n2. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u9650\u5236\u7684    <\/span><\/pre>\n
<\/co><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\n
2.5<\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u5e38\u89c1\u6807\u51c6\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n
\n
\n
SOA(Start Of Authority)<\/span><\/b><\/dt>\n
\n
\u8d77\u59cb\u6388\u6743\u8bb0\u5f55\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6388\u6743\u533a\u7684\u5f00\u59cb<\/span><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
A (Address)<\/span><\/b><\/dt>\n
\n
\u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4fdd\u5b58\u4ee5\u70b9\u5206\u9694\u7684\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aA\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6388\u6743\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u9644\u52a0\u5730\u5740\u540d\u6216\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u5fc5\u987b\u7528CNAME\u7c7b\u578b\u7ed9\u51fa<\/span><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
CNAME (Canonical NAME)<\/span><\/b><\/dt>\n
\n
\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u522b\u540d\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684A\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684<\/span><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
MX (Mail eXchanger)<\/span><\/b><\/dt>\n
\n
\u5efa\u7acb\u90ae\u4ef6\u4ea4\u6362\u5668\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002MX\u8bb0\u5f55\u544a\u8bc9\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u9001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u628a\u90ae\u4ef6\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5b83\u9012\u9001\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u5730<\/span><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n
NS (Name Server)<\/span><\/b><\/dt>\n
\n
\u6807\u8bc6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u7684\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002NS\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684DNS\u540d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u540d\u5b57\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684A\u8bb0\u5f55<\/span><\/p>\n
\n<\/dd>\n
PTR (domain name PoinTeR)<\/span><\/b><\/dt>\n
\n
\u5c06\u5730\u5740\u53d8\u6362\u6210\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u89c4\u8303\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/span>

\n\u4ecb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain)\u662fDomain Name System (DNS) \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86DNS\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span><\/p>\n
\n