{"id":532,"date":"2016-08-12T13:18:57","date_gmt":"2016-08-12T13:18:57","guid":{"rendered":"298f95e1bf9136124592c8d4825a06fc"},"modified":"2016-08-12T13:18:57","modified_gmt":"2016-08-12T13:18:57","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xiaobo.li\/notes\/archives\/532","title":{"rendered":"10\u5927\u57fa\u7840\u7b97\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\uff1a\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f<\/span><\/b>\u662f\u7531\u4e1c\u5c3c\u00b7\u970d\u5c14\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5e73\u5747\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f <\/span>n<\/span><\/i> \u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u8981<\/span>\u039f<\/span><\/b>(<\/span>n<\/span><\/i> log <\/span>n<\/span><\/i>)\u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5728\u6700\u574f\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0b\u5219\u9700\u8981<\/span>\u039f<\/span><\/b>(<\/span>n<\/span><\/i>2)\u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u660e\u663e\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6<\/span>\u039f<\/span><\/b>(<\/span>n<\/span><\/i> log <\/span>n<\/span><\/i>) \u7b97\u6cd5\u66f4\u5feb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5faa\u73af\uff08inner loop\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e0a\u5f88\u6709\u6548\u7387\u5730\u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u6cd5\uff08Divide and conquer\uff09\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e32\u884c\uff08list\uff09\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u4e32\u884c\uff08sub-lists\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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1 \u4ece\u6570\u5217\u4e2d\u6311\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a \u201c\u57fa\u51c6\u201d\uff08pivot\uff09\uff0c<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

2 \u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u5217\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5c0f\u7684\u6446\u653e\u5728\u57fa\u51c6\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5927\u7684\u6446\u5728\u57fa\u51c6\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff08\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5230\u4efb\u4e00\u8fb9\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u9000\u51fa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u57fa\u51c6\u5c31\u5904\u4e8e\u6570\u5217\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a<\/span>\u5206\u533a\uff08partition\uff09<\/span><\/b>\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

3 \u9012\u5f52\u5730\uff08recursive\uff09\u628a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u5217\u548c\u5927\u4e8e\u57fa\u51c6\u503c\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u5217\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u6700\u5e95\u90e8\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u662f\u6570\u5217\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u96f6\u6216\u4e00\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6392\u5e8f\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u76f4\u9012\u5f52\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u603b\u4f1a\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\uff08iteration\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u81f3\u5c11\u4f1a\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6446\u5230\u5b83\u6700\u540e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53bb<\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/p>\n

\"\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u539f\u56fe\"<\/a>\n<\/p>\n


\n<\/b><\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n

\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n

https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-hant\/%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E6%8E%92%E5%BA%8F#C.23<\/a> <\/pre>\n
\u4e8c\uff1a\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5<\/b><\/h2>\n
\u5806\u6392\u5e8f<\/span><\/b>\uff08Heapsort\uff09\u662f\u6307\u5229\u7528\u5806\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5806\u79ef\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u6ee1\u8db3<\/span>\u5806\u79ef\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/span><\/i>\uff1a\u5373\u5b50\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u952e\u503c\u6216\u7d22\u5f15\u603b\u662f\u5c0f\u4e8e\uff08\u6216\u8005\u5927\u4e8e\uff09\u5b83\u7684\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
 <\/span><\/p>\n
\u5806\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a<\/span>\u039f<\/span><\/b>(<\/span>n<\/span><\/i>log<\/span>n<\/span><\/i>) \u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
 <\/span><\/p>\n
\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
 <\/span><\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5806H[0..n-1]<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u628a\u5806\u9996\uff08\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff09\u548c\u5806\u5c3e\u4e92\u6362<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    3. \u628a\u5806\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7f29\u5c0f1\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528shift_down(0),\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u628a\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u9876\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u8c03\u6574\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    4. \u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa42\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5806\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a1<\/span><\/p>\n
    \"\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u539f\u56fe\"<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

    \n<\/b><\/p>\n
    \u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n
    \u5806\u6392\u5e8f<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u4e09\uff1a<\/b>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f<\/b><\/h2>\n
    \u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff08Merge sort\uff0c\u53f0\u6e7e\u8bd1\u4f5c\uff1a\u5408\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f\uff09<\/span><\/b>\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5f52\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u5206\u6cbb\u6cd5\uff08Divide and Conquer\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    1. \u7533\u8bf7\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u5e8f\u5e8f\u5217\u4e4b\u548c\uff0c\u8be5\u7a7a\u95f4\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u5408\u5e76\u540e\u7684\u5e8f\u5217<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    2. \u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u5e8f\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    3. \u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5bf9\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u653e\u5165\u5230\u5408\u5e76\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u79fb\u52a8\u6307\u9488\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    4. \u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa43\u76f4\u5230\u67d0\u4e00\u6307\u9488\u8fbe\u5230\u5e8f\u5217\u5c3e<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    5. \u5c06\u53e6\u4e00\u5e8f\u5217\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5408\u5e76\u5e8f\u5217\u5c3e<\/span><\/p>\n
    \"\u70b9\u51fb\u67e5\u770b\u539f\u56fe\"<\/a><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    <\/a><\/p>\n
    \u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n
    \u5f52\u5e76<\/b>\u6392\u5e8f<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u56db\uff1a\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5<\/b><\/h2>\n
    \u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/b>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u641c\u7d20\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u6b63\u597d\u662f\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u641c
    \n\u7d20\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u8005\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u534a\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8ddf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u6837\u4ece\u4e2d\u95f4\u5143\u7d20\u5f00\u59cb\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u6570\u7ec4
    \n\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u90fd\u4f7f\u641c\u7d22\u8303\u56f4\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u6298\u534a\u641c\u7d22\u6bcf\u6b21\u628a\u641c\u7d22\u533a\u57df\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a<\/span>\u039f<\/span><\/b>(log<\/span>n<\/span><\/i>) \u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a<\/b>\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u4e94\uff1a<\/b>BFPRT<\/b>(<\/b>\u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5<\/b>)<\/b><\/h2>\n
    BFPRT\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/strong>\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5341\u5206\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u5373\u4ece\u67d0n\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u7b2ck\u5927\uff08\u7b2ck\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u5206
    \n\u6790\uff0cBFPRT\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f\u601d\u60f3\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f7f\u5f97\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230o(n)\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742
    \n\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e94\u4f4d\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f5c\u8005\u505a\u4e86\u7cbe\u5999\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    1. \u5c06n\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6bcf5\u4e2a\u4e00\u7ec4\uff0c\u5206\u6210n\/5(\u4e0a\u754c)\u7ec4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    2. \u53d6\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ec4\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    3. \u9012\u5f52\u7684\u8c03\u7528selection\u7b97\u6cd5\u67e5\u627e\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u8bbe\u4e3ax\uff0c\u5076\u6570\u4e2a\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9009\u53d6\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    4. \u7528x\u6765\u5206\u5272\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8bbe\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8ex\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u4e3ak\uff0c\u5927\u4e8ex\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u5373\u4e3an-k\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    5. \u82e5i==k\uff0c\u8fd4\u56dex\uff1b\u82e5i<k\uff0c\u5728\u5c0f\u4e8ex\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u627e\u7b2ci\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1b\u82e5i>k\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u4e8ex\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u627e\u7b2ci-k\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u7ec8\u6b62\u6761\u4ef6\uff1an=1\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5373\u662fi\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n<\/span><\/p>\n
    \u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/b><\/p>\n
    \u5bfb\u627e\u6700\u5c0f(\u6700\u5927)\u7684k\u4e2a\u6570<\/a><\/p>\n
    \u7ebf\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u76f8\u5173\u7b97\u6cd5<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

    \n<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n
    \u516d\uff1a<\/b>D<\/b>FS<\/b>\uff08\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\uff09<\/b><\/h2>\n
    \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/b>\uff08Depth-First-Search\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u5b83\u6cbf\u7740\u6811\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u904d\u5386\u6811\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u6df1\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u6811\u7684\u5206
    \n\u652f\u3002\u5f53\u8282\u70b9v\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fb9\u90fd\u5df1\u88ab\u63a2\u5bfb\u8fc7\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u5c06\u56de\u6eaf\u5230\u53d1\u73b0\u8282\u70b9v\u7684\u90a3\u6761\u8fb9\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5230\u5df2\u53d1\u73b0\u4ece\u6e90\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u672a\u88ab\u53d1
    \n\u73b0\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u8282\u70b9\u5e76\u91cd\u590d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53cd\u590d\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002DFS\u5c5e\u4e8e\u76f2\u76ee\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u662f\u56fe\u8bba\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u76ee\u6807\u56fe\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u62d3\u6251\u6392\u5e8f\u8868\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u62d3\u6251\u6392\u5e8f\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u5f88\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u56fe\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u6700\u5927\u8def\u5f84\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u5806\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8f85\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0DFS\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\u56fe\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    1. \u8bbf\u95ee\u9876\u70b9v\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    2. \u4f9d\u6b21\u4ecev\u7684\u672a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff1b\u76f4\u81f3\u56fe\u4e2d\u548cv\u6709\u8def\u5f84\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    3. \u82e5\u6b64\u65f6\u56fe\u4e2d\u5c1a\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u672a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u5747\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u63cf\u8ff0\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3e\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    DFS \u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u56fe\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e00\u8d77\u59cb\u9876\u70b9 v \u540e\uff0c\u7531 v \u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u7684\u4efb\u4e00\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9 w1\uff1b\u518d\u4ece w1 \u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0e w1\u90bb \u63a5\u4f46\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9 w2\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u518d\u4ece w2 \u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u2026 \u5982\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5230\u8fbe\u6240\u6709\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9 u \u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u9000\u56de\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u9000\u5230\u524d\u4e00\u6b21\u521a\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u7684\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u90bb\u63a5\u9876\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff0c\u5219\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u4ece\u6b64\u9876\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0e\u524d\u8ff0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5c31\u518d\u9000\u56de\u4e00\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u91cd\u590d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fde\u901a\u56fe\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u9876\u70b9\u90fd\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fc7\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/b>\u6df1\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n
     <\/p>\n
    \u4e03\uff1aBFS(\u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22)<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5e7f\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5<\/span><\/b>\uff08Breadth-First-Search\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u56fe\u5f62\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bf4\uff0cBFS\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6cbf\u7740\u6811(\u56fe)\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u904d\u5386\u6811(\u56fe)\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u5747\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5219\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6b62\u3002BFS\u540c\u6837\u5c5e\u4e8e\u76f2\u76ee\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u961f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u8f85\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0BFS\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    \u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    1. \u9996\u5148\u5c06\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u653e\u5165\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n
    2. \u4ece\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u9a8c\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
     <\/span><\/p>\n